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Modern Art Days: Since the days when Greek travelers visited Egypt (5th century B.C.), the pyramids have never failed to arouse the curiosity of visitors and scholars. In antiquity they were considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World (q.v.). modern art days research started with the dawn of Egyptology in the days of Napoleon's expedition to.Caesar put an end to the confusion when, as dictator, he decreed in 46 B. c. that the civil year be regulated entirely by the sun. Assisted by Sosigenes, he fixed the mean length of the year at 365% days, and arranged that every 4th year should have 366 days. The year 46 B. c., instead of having 355 days, had 445 days to reconcile it with the astronomical year. Caesar arranged that the months should have 30 and 31 days alternately, with 29 (or 30) for February, but his successor, Augustus, to gratify his vanity, named the 8th month after himself, took a day from February and added it to his own month, and revised the number of days in September, October, and November to complete the calendar in use today.
Roman Chronology. All European countries have borrowed their civil calendars from the Romans. Tradition reports that the second Roman king, Numa Pompilius, added 2 months, January and February, to the earliest Roman calendar, bringing the number of months to 12 and the days of the year to 355; and, to overcome the discrepancy of 10% days between the lunar and solar year, he ordered that an intercalary month of 22 or 23 days (alternately) be inserted every 2d year between the 23d and 24th of February. A 4-year period thus contained 1,465 days, and the mean length of the year was 366% days. Another correction was introduced at an unknown date, according to which every 3d period of 8 years, instead of containing 4 intercalary months totaling 90 days, should contain only 3 months, consisting of 22 days each. |
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