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Fixing The Camera Image: Photography is basically a way of fixing the Camera image by the action of light upon substances sensitive to it. The ancients had long observed that light changes the nature of many substances. The chlorophyll of vegetation turns green on exposure to it, colored fabrics fade. Certain salts of silver, especially the halides, are radically altered A Camera obscura. The image formed by the lens (B) and reflected by the Mirror (M) on the ground glass (N) is traced. From A. Ganot, Traite elementaire de physique (Paris: 1855).Ill health forced Wedgwood to abandon further experiments, and all that remains is the account by Davy, who concluded: "Nothing but a method of preventing the unshaded parts of the delineation from being coloured by exposure to the day is wanting, to render the process as useful as it is elegant." Joseph Nicephore Niepce, of Chalon-sur-Saone in central France, was more successful. Although the only example of his Camera work that remains today appears to have been made in 1827, his letters leave no doubt that he had succeeded in fixing the camera's image a decade earlier.
Hans Th0ger Winther, a Norwegian lawyer, proprietor of a lithographic printing shop and a book publisher, claimed that in 1826 he had the idea of fixing the Camera image by the use of light-sensitive materials, and that he succeeded in making direct positives before the disclosure of Daguerre's process. His experiments, however, have not yet been located. |
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