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Diaustive History Of Russia: Ralston published Kriloff and His Fables 1868), a translation of Ivan Turgenev's Lisa 1869); Songs of the Russian People (1872); id Russian Folk Tales (1873). He made sev--al journeys to Russia and became the life-long iend of Turgenev, and was also made a corre->onding member of the Imperial Academy of ciences of Saint Petersburg. He projected an diaustive history of Russia, but did not publish In 1874, however, he published his Oxford aylorian lectures, Early Russian History.War with Russia. In the face of these disappointments, Gustav began to neglect his reform program and turned restlessly to foreign affairs. He had long hoped to seize Norway from Denmark after winning Russia away from its Danish alliance. When, however, Catherine II of Russia made it clear that she would stand by Denmark and secretly encouraged Gustav's opponents in Sweden in hopes of overthrowing his regime, Gustav took advantage of Russia's war with Turkey to attack Russia in July 1788. But the Russians managed to contain the sudden attack upon St. Petersburg, which was the basis of Gustav's strategy, and Denmark declared war on Sweden.
In 1828, Gogol moved to St. Petersburg (now Leningrad), where in 1829 under the pseudonym V. Alov, he published his first work, the verse idyl Hans Kiichelgarten. Hostile reviews drove him to burn almost all the copies of the poem and to leave Russia. He returned later in 1829, and failing to get work as an actor, he entered the civil service. In 1831 he met Pushkin, who greatly influenced his choice of literary material and admired his literary style. Gogol devoted himself to the study of history in 1833, and in 1834 he was appointed professor of world history at the University of St. Petersburg. His research in Ukrainian history led to such respectable historical fiction as Taras Bulba (1835; revised 1842), but his university lectures were catastrophic failures. |
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