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Continual History Of Severe: One branch of physical oceanography that seems to be emerging as a separate discipline is the air-sea interaction which has become the meeting ground of the meteorologist and oceanographer. The earth has a continual history of severe climate changes, the best known and most recent being the ice ages. However, it is now clear that the oceans play a fundamental role in the shorter-range climate changes that have affected man's life on this planet in the last 2,000 years.He was bitterly attacked by religious and lolitical opponents and by those who insisted that listory should be objective. Time has be-riended him, however, and as passions have ooled, his achievement has steadily risen in esti-nation. Competent modern historians like George '. Gooch, Sir Charles W. C. Oman, and Albert r. Pollard bear witness to the value of his work. I am driven after reflection," wrote Oman in 939, "to concede to Froude that history must be omevvhat subjective." The English in Ireland in the Eighteenth Cen-ury (1872-1874) and his lectures in America in 872 on the Irish problem were criticized as bit-erly as the History of England. Though severe i his judgment of the Irish, he was almost qually severe on the English. He sought only a eaceful and permanent settlement of differences.
Growth of Research and Development.— Support for research and development has grown enormously since World War II. It has been estimated that the United States is spending more for R & D in any single year than was spent in the whole of its national history from the American Revolution to the end of World War II. In the decade from 1951 to 1960, such expenditures totaled roughly $80 billion, four times as much as in the preceding 10 years, a period which covered a world war. This $80 billion was ; the size of the total federal budget for the fiscal year. Approximately 9 percent of this went for basic research—$7 billion. Then been a continual rise in funds for both R and for basic research. |
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